University of California San Francisco

Publications

  1. Association between gastrointestinal symptoms and specialty care utilization among colon cancer survivors: a cohort study.
    Edwards AL, Trang K, Tolstykh IV, Van Blarigan EL, Van Loon K, Laffan A, Stanfield D, Steiding P, Neuhaus J, Atreya CE, Piawah S, Venook AP, Varma MG
    Int J Colorectal Dis. 2024 Aug 14; 39(1):130.; 
    PubMed
  2. Promoting Female Surgeons Through Structured Award Nominations.
    Trang K, Stephens CQ, Flanagan C, Yap A, Brown A, Kelly Y, Yeo HL, Sosa JA, Kornblith LZ, Varma MG
    Ann Surg. 2025 Apr 01; 281(4):551-553.; 
    PubMed
  3. We asked the experts: Normalize challenges, build community, and develop mentorship: A guide for proactive institutional support for child rearing during surgical training.
    Colley A, Yap A, Trang K, Kornblith LZ, Varma MG, Vu L
    World J Surg. 2024 03; 48(3):524-526.; 
    PubMed
  4. Translation and Validation Testing of the Constipation-Related Quality of Life Scale for Use in Japan.
    Hamaguchi S, Varma MG, Nakagawa H, Ozaka A, Shimizu S, Maeshibu T, Wakita T, Green J, Fukuhara S
    Cureus. 2023 Nov; 15(11):e48661.; 
    PubMed
  5. Long-Term Results of Organ Preservation in Patients With Rectal Adenocarcinoma Treated With Total Neoadjuvant Therapy: The Randomized Phase II OPRA Trial.
    Verheij FS, Omer DM, Williams H, Lin ST, Qin LX, Buckley JT, Thompson HM, Yuval JB, Kim JK, Dunne RF, Marcet J, Cataldo P, Polite B, Herzig DO, Liska D, Oommen S, Friel CM, Ternent C, Coveler AL, Hunt S, Gregory A, Varma MG, Bello BL, Carmichael JC, Krauss J, Gleisner A, Guillem JG, Temple L, Goodman KA, Segal NH, Cercek A, Yaeger R, Nash GM, Widmar M, Wei IH, Pappou EP, Weiser MR, Paty PB, Smith JJ, Wu AJ, Gollub MJ, Saltz LB, Garcia-Aguilar J
    J Clin Oncol. 2024 Feb 10; 42(5):500-506.; 
    PubMed
  6. Multi-Disciplinary Management in Rectal Cancer Survivorship: A Clinical Practice Review.
    Chan H, Savoie MB, Munir A, Moslehi J, Anwar M, Laffan A, Rowen T, Salmon R, Varma M, Van Loon K
    J Gastrointest Cancer. 2023 Dec; 54(4):1102-1115.; 
    PubMed
  7. Association between adherence to the American Cancer Society Nutrition and Physical Activity Guidelines and stool frequency among colon cancer survivors: a cohort study.
    Greenberg AL, Tolstykh IV, Van Loon K, Laffan A, Stanfield D, Steiding P, Kenfield SA, Chan JM, Atreya CE, Piawah S, Kidder W, Venook AP, Van Blarigan EL, Varma MG
    J Cancer Surviv. 2023 06; 17(3):836-847.; 
    PubMed
  8. Robotic transanal excision of rectal lesions: expert perspective and literature review.
    Watanaskul S, Schwab ME, Chern H, Varma M, Sarin A
    J Robot Surg. 2023 Apr; 17(2):619-627.; 
    PubMed
  9. Robotic repair of perineal hernias: a video vignette and review of the literature.
    Watanaskul S, Schwab ME, Colley A, Chern H, Varma MG, Hoffman WY, Sarin A
    Surg Endosc. 2023 03; 37(3):2290-2294.; 
    PubMed
  10. Proof-of-concept for intervention to prevent post-operative ileus in patients undergoing ileostomy formation.
    Greenberg AL, Kelly YM, Sarin A, Varma MG
    Perioper Med (Lond). 2022 Jul 12; 11(1):25.; 
    PubMed
  11. Organ Preservation in Patients With Rectal Adenocarcinoma Treated With Total Neoadjuvant Therapy.
    Garcia-Aguilar J, Patil S, Gollub MJ, Kim JK, Yuval JB, Thompson HM, Verheij FS, Omer DM, Lee M, Dunne RF, Marcet J, Cataldo P, Polite B, Herzig DO, Liska D, Oommen S, Friel CM, Ternent C, Coveler AL, Hunt S, Gregory A, Varma MG, Bello BL, Carmichael JC, Krauss J, Gleisner A, Paty PB, Weiser MR, Nash GM, Pappou E, Guillem JG, Temple L, Wei IH, Widmar M, Lin S, Segal NH, Cercek A, Yaeger R, Smith JJ, Goodman KA, Wu AJ, Saltz LB
    J Clin Oncol. 2022 08 10; 40(23):2546-2556.; 
    PubMed
  12. Comparison of advanced techniques for local excision of rectal lesions: a case series.
    Schwab ME, Hernandez S, Watanaskul S, Chern H, Varma M, Sarin A
    BMC Surg. 2022 Mar 27; 22(1):117.; 
    PubMed
  13. Risk factors and outcomes associated with postoperative ileus following ileostomy formation: a retrospective study.
    Greenberg AL, Kelly YM, McKay RE, Varma MG, Sarin A
    Perioper Med (Lond). 2021 Dec 13; 10(1):55.; 
    PubMed
  14. Survival impact of bowel resection at the time of interval cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian cancer.
    McNamara B, Guerra R, Qin J, Craig AD, Chen LM, Varma MG, Chapman JS
    Gynecol Oncol Rep. 2021 Nov; 38:100870.; 
    PubMed
  15. Perfusion Assessment in Left-Sided/Low Anterior Resection (PILLAR III): A Randomized, Controlled, Parallel, Multicenter Study Assessing Perfusion Outcomes With PINPOINT Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Low Anterior Resection.
    Jafari MD, Pigazzi A, McLemore EC, Mutch MG, Haas E, Rasheid SH, Wait AD, Paquette IM, Bardakcioglu O, Safar B, Landmann RG, Varma MG, Maron DJ, Martz J, Bauer JJ, George VV, Fleshman JW, Steele SR, Stamos MJ
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2021 08 01; 64(8):995-1002.; 
    PubMed
  16. Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Before and After Treatment Initiation.
    Savoie MB, Paciorek A, Zhang L, Van Blarigan EL, Sommovilla N, Abrams D, Atreya CE, Bergsland EK, Chern H, Kelley RK, Ko A, Laffan A, Sarin A, Varma MG, Venook AP, Van Loon K
    J Gastrointest Cancer. 2019 Dec; 50(4):769-779.; 
    PubMed
  17. Consolidation mFOLFOX6 Chemotherapy After Chemoradiotherapy Improves Survival in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Final Results of a Multicenter Phase II Trial.
    Marco MR, Zhou L, Patil S, Marcet JE, Varma MG, Oommen S, Cataldo PA, Hunt SR, Kumar A, Herzig DO, Fichera A, Polite BN, Hyman NH, Ternent CA, Stamos MJ, Pigazzi A, Dietz D, Yakunina Y, Pelossof R, Garcia-Aguilar J, Timing of Rectal Cancer Response to Chemoradiation Consortium
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2018 Oct; 61(10):1146-1155.; 
    PubMed
  18. Does Extended PET Acquisition in PET/MRI Rectal Cancer Staging Improve Results?
    Bailey JJ, Jordan EJ, Burke C, Ohliger MA, Wang ZJ, Van Loon K, Varma MG, Hope TA
    AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2018 10; 211(4):896-900.; 
    PubMed
  19. Consensus Statement of Definitions for Anorectal Physiology Testing and Pelvic Floor Terminology (Revised).
    Bordeianou LG, Carmichael JC, Paquette IM, Wexner S, Hull TL, Bernstein M, Keller DS, Zutshi M, Varma MG, Gurland BH, Steele SR
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2018 Apr; 61(4):421-427.; 
    PubMed
  20. Expert Commentary on Rectal Prolapse.
    Varma MG
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2017 11; 60(11):1135-1136.; 
    PubMed
  21. SNMMI Comment on the 2016 Society of Surgical Oncology "Choosing Wisely" Recommendation on the Use of PET/CT in Colorectal Cancer.
    Zukotynski K, Jadvar H, Hope T, Subramaniam RM, Van Loon K, Varma M, Niederkohr RD, PET Center of Excellence
    J Nucl Med. 2017 01; 58(1):11-12.; 
    PubMed
  22. Characteristics Associated With Successful Fitting of a Vaginal Bowel Control System for Fecal Incontinence.
    Matthews CA, Varma MG, Takase-Sanchez MM, Hale DS, Van Drie D, Muir T, Wells E, Jannelli M, Richter HE
    Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2016 Sep-Oct; 22(5):359-63.; 
    PubMed
  23. Successful implementation of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery program shortens length of stay and improves postoperative pain, and bowel and bladder function after colorectal surgery.
    Sarin A, Litonius ES, Naidu R, Yost CS, Varma MG, Chen LL
    BMC Anesthesiol. 2016 08 03; 16(1):55.; 
    PubMed
  24. A Novel Decision Aid for Surgical Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Results of a Pilot Study.
    Cohan JN, Ozanne EM, Sewell JL, Hofer RK, Mahadevan U, Varma MG, Finlayson E
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2016 Jun; 59(6):520-8.; 
    PubMed
  25. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons' Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Constipation.
    Paquette IM, Varma M, Ternent C, Melton-Meaux G, Rafferty JF, Feingold D, Steele SR
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2016 Jun; 59(6):479-92.; 
    PubMed
  26. Impact of a Novel Vaginal Bowel Control System on Bowel Function.
    Varma MG, Matthews CA, Muir T, Takase-Sanchez MM, Hale DS, Van Drie D, Richter HE
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2016 Feb; 59(2):127-31.; 
    PubMed
  27. Impact of Surgery on Relationship Quality in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Their Partners.
    Cohan JN, Rhee JY, Finlayson E, Varma MG
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2015 Dec; 58(12):1144-50.; 
    PubMed
  28. Differences in Symptom Severity and Quality of Life in Patients With Obstructive Defecation and Colonic Inertia.
    Chou AB, Cohan JN, Varma MG
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2015 Oct; 58(10):994-8.; 
    PubMed
  29. Faecal incontinence in men referred for specialty care: a cross-sectional study.
    Cohan JN, Chou AB, Varma MG
    Colorectal Dis. 2015 Sep; 17(9):802-9.; 
    PubMed
  30. Impact of Patient Age on Procedure Type for Ulcerative Colitis: A National Study.
    Cohan JN, Bacchetti P, Varma MG, Finlayson E
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2015 Aug; 58(8):769-74.; 
    PubMed
  31. Outcomes Analysis of Biologic Mesh Use for Abdominal Wall Reconstruction in Clean-Contaminated and Contaminated Ventral Hernia Repair.
    Sbitany H, Kwon E, Chern H, Finlayson E, Varma MG, Hansen SL
    Ann Plast Surg. 2015 Aug; 75(2):201-4.; 
    PubMed
  32. Effect of adding mFOLFOX6 after neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer: a multicentre, phase 2 trial.
    Garcia-Aguilar J, Chow OS, Smith DD, Marcet JE, Cataldo PA, Varma MG, Kumar AS, Oommen S, Coutsoftides T, Hunt SR, Stamos MJ, Ternent CA, Herzig DO, Fichera A, Polite BN, Dietz DW, Patil S, Avila K, Timing of Rectal Cancer Response to Chemoradiation Consortium
    Lancet Oncol. 2015 Aug; 16(8):957-66.; 
    PubMed
  33. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons' Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Fecal Incontinence.
    Paquette IM, Varma MG, Kaiser AM, Steele SR, Rafferty JF
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2015 Jul; 58(7):623-36.; 
    PubMed
  34. Outcomes after ileoanal pouch surgery in frail and older adults.
    Cohan JN, Bacchetti P, Varma MG, Finlayson E
    J Surg Res. 2015 Oct; 198(2):327-33.; 
    PubMed
  35. A vaginal bowel-control system for the treatment of fecal incontinence.
    Richter HE, Matthews CA, Muir T, Takase-Sanchez MM, Hale DS, Van Drie D, Varma MG
    Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Mar; 125(3):540-547.; 
    PubMed
  36. The evolution of evaluation and management of urinary or fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse.
    Steele SR, Varma MG, Prichard D, Bharucha AE, Vogler SA, Erdogan A, Rao SS, Lowry AC, Lange EO, Hall GM, Bleier JI, Senagore AJ, Maykel J, Chan SY, Paquette IM, Audett MC, Bastawrous A, Umamaheswaran P, Fleshman JW, Caton G, O'Brien BS, Nelson JM, Steiner A, Garely A, Noor N, Desrosiers L, Kelley R, Jacobson NS
    Curr Probl Surg. 2015 Feb; 52(2):17-75.; 
    PubMed
  37. The evolution of evaluation and management of urinary or fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse.
    Steele SR, Varma MG, Prichard D, Bharucha AE, Vogler SA, Erdogan A, Rao SS, Lowry AC, Lange EO, Hall GM, Bleier JI, Senagore AJ, Maykel J, Chan SY, Paquette IM, Audett MC, Bastawrous A, Umamaheswaran P, Fleshman JW, Caton G, O'Brien BS, Nelson JM, Steiner A, Garely A, Noor N, Desrosiers L, Kelley R, Jacobson NS
    Curr Probl Surg. 2015 Mar; 52(3):92-136.; 
    PubMed
  38. Perineal flap reconstruction following oncologic anorectal extirpation: an outcomes assessment.
    Wang ED, Conkling N, Xu X, Chern H, Finlayson E, Varma MG, Hansen SL, Foster RD, Hoffman WY, Sbitany H
    Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015 Jan; 135(1):176e-184e.; 
    PubMed
  39. Treatment of fecal incontinence: state of the science summary for the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases workshop.
    Whitehead WE, Rao SS, Lowry A, Nagle D, Varma M, Bitar KN, Bharucha AE, Hamilton FA
    Am J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jan; 110(1):138-46; quiz 147.; 
    PubMed
  40. Simple interventions for complex complications: moving surgery forward.
    Cohan JN, Varma MG
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2014 Jan; 57(1):3-4.; 
    PubMed
  41. Impact of depression and anxiety on the quality of life of constipated patients.
    Albiani JJ, Hart SL, Katz L, Berian J, Del Rosario A, Lee J, Varma M
    J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2013 Mar; 20(1):123-32.; 
    PubMed
  42. Exacerbation of symptom severity of pelvic floor disorders in women who report a history of sexual abuse.
    Imhoff LR, Liwanag L, Varma M
    Arch Surg. 2012 Dec; 147(12):1123-9.; 
    PubMed
  43. Outcomes after rectal cancer surgery in elderly nursing home residents.
    Finlayson E, Zhao S, Varma MG
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2012 Dec; 55(12):1229-35.; 
    PubMed
  44. Fecal incontinence decreases sexual quality of life, but does not prevent sexual activity in women.
    Imhoff LR, Brown JS, Creasman JM, Subak LL, Van den Eeden SK, Thom DH, Varma MG, Huang AJ
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2012 Oct; 55(10):1059-65.; 
    PubMed
  45. Practice parameters for anal squamous neoplasms.
    Steele SR, Varma MG, Melton GB, Ross HM, Rafferty JF, Buie WD, Standards Practice Task Force of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2012 Jul; 55(7):735-49.; 
    PubMed
  46. A randomized controlled trial of anorectal biofeedback for constipation.
    Hart SL, Lee JW, Berian J, Patterson TR, Del Rosario A, Varma MG
    Int J Colorectal Dis. 2012 Apr; 27(4):459-66.; 
    PubMed
  47. Development and assessment of the constipation-related disability scale.
    Hart SL, Albiani JJ, Crangle CJ, Torbit LA, Varma MG
    Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Jan; 35(1):183-92.; 
    PubMed
  48. Practice parameters for the management of rectal prolapse.
    Varma M, Rafferty J, Buie WD, Standards Practice Task Force of American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2011 Nov; 54(11):1339-46.; 
    PubMed
  49. Chromosomal copy number alterations are associated with tumor response to chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer.
    Chen Z, Liu Z, Li W, Qu K, Deng X, Varma MG, Fichera A, Pigazzi A, Garcia-Aguilar J
    Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2011 Sep; 50(9):689-99.; 
    PubMed
  50. Gender-specific differences in pelvic organ function after proctectomy for inflammatory bowel disease.
    Wang JY, Hart SL, Wilkowski KS, Lee JW, Delmotte EC, del Rosario KM, del Rosario AS, Varma MG
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2011 Jan; 54(1):66-76.; 
    PubMed
  51. Sew or staple: does it make a difference?
    Varma MG
    Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2011 Apr; 17(4):1046-7.; 
    PubMed
  52. Age differences in patients evaluated for constipation: constipation characteristics, symptoms, and bowel and dietary habits.
    McCrea GL, Miaskowski C, Stotts NA, Macera L, Paul SM, Varma MG
    J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2010 Nov-Dec; 37(6):667-76.; 
    PubMed
  53. Validation of the risk index category as a predictor of surgical site infection in elective colorectal surgery.
    Pastor C, Baek JH, Varma MG, Kim E, Indorf LA, Garcia-Aguilar J
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2010 May; 53(5):721-7.; 
    PubMed
  54. An increase in compliance with the Surgical Care Improvement Project measures does not prevent surgical site infection in colorectal surgery.
    Pastor C, Artinyan A, Varma MG, Kim E, Gibbs L, Garcia-Aguilar J
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2010 Jan; 53(1):24-30.; 
    PubMed
  55. Pelvic floor disorders and quality of life in women with self-reported irritable bowel syndrome.
    Wang J, Varma MG, Creasman JM, Subak LL, Brown JS, Thom DH, van den Eeden SK
    Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Feb 01; 31(3):424-31.; 
    PubMed
  56. A valid and reliable measure of constipation-related quality of life.
    Wang JY, Hart SL, Lee J, Berian JR, McCrea GL, Varma MG
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2009 Aug; 52(8):1434-42.; 
    PubMed
  57. Gender differences in self-reported constipation characteristics, symptoms, and bowel and dietary habits among patients attending a specialty clinic for constipation.
    McCrea GL, Miaskowski C, Stotts NA, Macera L, Paul SM, Varma MG
    Gend Med. 2009 Apr; 6(1):259-71.; 
    PubMed
  58. Treatment of transsphincteric anal fistulas: are fistula plugs an acceptable alternative?
    Wang JY, Garcia-Aguilar J, Sternberg JA, Abel ME, Varma MG
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2009 Apr; 52(4):692-7.; 
    PubMed
  59. Hospitalized ulcerative colitis patients have an elevated risk of thromboembolic events.
    Wang JY, Terdiman JP, Vittinghoff E, Minichiello T, Varma MG
    World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Feb 28; 15(8):927-35.; 
    PubMed
  60. Factors that increase risk of colon polyps.
    Grahn SW, Varma MG
    Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2008 Nov; 21(4):247-55.; 
    PubMed
  61. A review of the literature on gender and age differences in the prevalence and characteristics of constipation in North America.
    McCrea GL, Miaskowski C, Stotts NA, Macera L, Varma MG
    J Pain Symptom Manage. 2009 Apr; 37(4):737-45.; 
    PubMed
  62. Pathophysiology of constipation in the older adult.
    McCrea GL, Miaskowski C, Stotts NA, Macera L, Varma MG
    World J Gastroenterol. 2008 May 07; 14(17):2631-8.; 
    PubMed
  63. Surgery for inflammatory bowel disease.
    Hwang JM, Varma MG
    World J Gastroenterol. 2008 May 07; 14(17):2678-90.; 
    PubMed
  64. Implementation of quality measures to reduce surgical site infection in colorectal patients.
    Wick EC, Gibbs L, Indorf LA, Varma MG, Garcia-Aguilar J
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2008 Jul; 51(7):1004-9.; 
    PubMed
  65. Obstructive defecation in middle-aged women.
    Varma MG, Hart SL, Brown JS, Creasman JM, Van Den Eeden SK, Thom DH
    Dig Dis Sci. 2008 Oct; 53(10):2702-9.; 
    PubMed
  66. Fecal incontinence: does age matter? Characteristics of older vs. younger women presenting for treatment of fecal incontinence.
    Wang JY, Patterson TR, Hart SL, Varma MG
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2008 Apr; 51(4):426-31.; 
    PubMed
  67. Review article: self-report measures to evaluate constipation.
    McCrea GL, Miaskowski C, Stotts NA, Macera L, Hart SA, Varma MG
    Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Apr; 27(8):638-48.; 
    PubMed
  68. The constipation severity instrument: a validated measure.
    Varma MG, Wang JY, Berian JR, Patterson TR, McCrea GL, Hart SL
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2008 Feb; 51(2):162-72.; 
    PubMed
  69. Dartos muscle interposition flap for the treatment of rectourethral fistulas.
    Varma MG, Wang JY, Garcia-Aguilar J, Shelton AA, McAninch JW, Goldberg SM
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2007 Nov; 50(11):1849-55.; 
    PubMed
  70. Small bowel bezoar in a patient with Noonan syndrome: report of a case.
    Bitton A, Keagle JN, Varma MG
    MedGenMed. 2007 Feb 21; 9(1):34.; 
    PubMed
  71. Fecal incontinence in females older than aged 40 years: who is at risk?
    Varma MG, Brown JS, Creasman JM, Thom DH, Van Den Eeden SK, Beattie MS, Subak LL, Reproductive Risks for Incontinence Study at Kaiser (RRISK) Research Group
    Dis Colon Rectum. 2006 Jun; 49(6):841-51.; 
    PubMed
  72. Faecal incontinence in adults.
    Madoff RD, Parker SC, Varma MG, Lowry AC
    Lancet. 2004 Aug 14-20; 364(9434):621-32.; 
    PubMed
  73. Gross versus microscopic pancolitis and the occurrence of neoplasia in ulcerative colitis.
    Mathy C, Schneider K, Chen YY, Varma M, Terdiman JP, Mahadevan U
    Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2003 Nov; 9(6):351-5.; 
    PubMed
  74. Conserved motifs in somatostatin, D2-dopamine, and alpha 2B-adrenergic receptors for inhibiting the Na-H exchanger, NHE1.
    Lin CY, Varma MG, Joubel A, Madabushi S, Lichtarge O, Barber DL
    J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 25; 278(17):15128-35.; 
    PubMed
  75. Local therapy for rectal cancer.
    Visser BC, Varma MG, Welton ML
    Surg Oncol. 2001 Jul-Aug; 10(1-2):61-9.; 
    PubMed
  76. Local excision of rectal carcinoma.
    Varma MG, Rogers SJ, Schrock TR, Welton ML
    Arch Surg. 1999 Aug; 134(8):863-7; discussion 867-8.; 
    PubMed
  77. Evaluation of plasma insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 as a potential predictor of preeclampsia.
    Varma M, de Groot CJ, Lanyi S, Taylor RN
    Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993 Oct; 169(4):995-9.; 
    PubMed